Maintenance actions to address fatigue cracking in steel bridge. The typical cracks that occur in rolled sections and plate girders are caused by fatigue. An introduction to steel bridge maintenance and repair. Sealing cracks on bridge decks changes to section 4 of. Maintenance steel repairs local bridge conference syracuse, ny october 2008 whats the process receive structural flag requiring steel work determine options close operate at reduced loadingtrafficrepair develop repair detail and wps in consultatio. This critical damage impairs the shear and bearing capacities of girders. The distinguished feature of the method is that it can be carried out without incurring traffic dislocation. Strengthening a damaged steel girder bridge by the replacement. Repair of bridge structural steel elements manual page 4 3. Shear cracking of prestressed girders with high strength concrete. Oct 30, 2012 in recent years, the replacement repair welding has been suggested as a repair method for damaged steel bridges. The end corrosion in steel girders at the bearings due to joint leakage is a significant problem in many of the old bridges around the nation. The cracks may have a width and spacing that is a function of the temperature difference and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the.
This type of repair would be used to prevent the propagation of cracks which could lead. Repair of damaged steel concrete composite girders using carbon fiberreinforced polymer sheets journal of composites for construction october 2003 evaluation of prestressed concrete girders strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer sheets. Repair of corrosion damaged steel bridge girder ends by. For repair of newly constructed girders, see section 5. The first part describes finite element modeling techniques used to evaluate the potential for fatigue cracks in steel girders subjected to distortioninduced fatigue. This report remains a primary reference for this topic. Creative systems in structural and construction engineering, balkema, rotterdam, the netherlands, 461466.
Mar 29, 20 prestressed concrete pc is the predominant material in highway bridge construction. Maintenance steel repairs local bridge conference syracuse, ny october 2008 whats the process receive structural flag requiring steel work determine options close operate at reduced loadingtrafficrepair develop repair detail and wps in consultatio execute repairs with certified welder, as req. In recent years, the replacement repair welding has been suggested as a repair method for damaged steel bridges. A total of 22 prototype repair designs are presented. A model was developed that has the ability to predict the cracked status of a bridge with 77% accuracy, based on certain bridge parameters. Mar 11, 2020 bob hazleton, president of herrick corp.
Overheight loads are a fairly common source of damage to prestressed girder bridges. Cracks on florida bridge decks with steel girders material failure investigation tasks. It is difficult to assess the condition of a damaged girder and to confidently design a repair scheme which will perform well for the intended service life of the bridge. University of pittsburgh, pittsburgh pa richard miller, ph. Heavy coatings of ductile paint may bridge over cracks that are tight.
Connor, phd, associate professor of civil engineering purdue university school of civil engineering. The aar bridge tag was again consulted for guidance. Repair of cracked steel girders connected to concrete slabs. Read heatstraightening repair of damaged steel bridge.
This includes the girders themselves, diaphragms or crossbraces, and if applicable the truss or arch system. Building a shipping container home ep02 moving, cutting, and framing a container house duration. Cracking, fatigue material, bridge management, steel bridges, rehabilitation, distortion structural, girder bridges, steel plates editorially related repairing distortioninduced fatigue cracks in steel bridge girders using angleswithplate retrofit technique. Fatigue and fracture performance explores limits, based on fatigue and fracture performance, on the number of damage and repair cycles to which damaged steel bridge girders may be subjected using the heatstraightening procedure. Trbs national cooperative highway research program nchrp report 604. Cracked girders trigger scrutiny of salesforce transit center. Guide to recommended practice for the repair of impactdamaged prestressed concrete bridge girders prepared for the national cooperative highway research program transportation research board of the national academies kent a. The 65foot welded span in the twospan steel bridge at the facility for accelerated service testing has developed two major web and tension flange cracks, as well as numerous cracks in secondary members, during 15 years of service under heavy axle load traffic. Current practice in the repair of prestressed bridge girders. Proposed evaluation and repair procedures for precast. Cracking in prestressed igirder bridges sequence 12. This study investigates the repair of steel bridge girders damaged by distortioninduced fatigue. No reopening date has been set, but the steel is on order to repair the cracked girders that have kept the transbay transit center closed for more than three months. Thus, only the girders need to be compared since the difference between the two designs is mostly due.
General this section is intended to cover repair of damaged girders on existing bridges. This type of repair would be used to prevent the propagation of cracks which could lead to failure of the bridge girders. The girders are the primary load support, while the bracing system both allows the girders to act together as a unit, and prevents the beams from toppling. Repair of fatigued steel bridge girders with carbon fiber strips. This method of repair was investigated because it is commonly used in steel bridges. Cracked girders trigger scrutiny of salesforce transit. If damage to a bridge is left unrepaired, the condition of the components may further deteriorate resulting in a reduction. Repair for steel bridge girders with corrosion damage utilizing. Typical fatigue crack across a repaired flange butt weld in a welded igirder test. The purpose of this research, therefore, is to develop methods and design guidelines for repair and retrofit of bridge girders suffering from. The plates will provide a load path around the crack. In some cases, weld repairs were made, whereas a bolted repair would have required much more. The higher concrete temperature has the potential to cause cracks after the concrete cools to an equilibrium temperature with the air, bridge girders and form work.
Cracks in welded steel girders on the steel bridge at fast stephen m. The main advantages of using cfrp is it is lightweight and durable, resulting in. Development of 3d finite element models and parametric study cracks movement. Early in 1987, bridge inspection crews from the florida department of transportation discovered over 100 cracks in the steel box girders carrying the ramps of interstate highway 110 at its southern terminus in downtown pensacola, florida. Two case studies brandon chavel, phd, pe jacob wroten, pe biography brandon chavel, phd, pe, is a bridge section manager and senior professional associate for hdr in cleveland, oh.
Spr0529 use of a silicone admixture in bridge deck concrete. Methods for removing concrete decks from steel girder bridges. Heatstraightening repair of damaged steel bridge girders. Graduate theses and dissertations iowa state university capstones, theses and dissertations 2014 methods for removing concrete decks from steel girder bridges. This steel repair procedures operations manual module has been constructed by the nysdot main office bridge maintenance department with the assistance of the nysdot main office structures department. Summary heatstraightening repair of damaged steel bridge. Strengthening a damaged steel girder bridge by the. How the steel beams cracked at the new transbay terminal. Repair of cracked steel girders connected to concrete. Cracking of elements is one aspect which affects durability. Repair of fatigued steel bridge girders with carbon fiber.
Repair manual for concrete bridge elements page 1 1. Researchers transportation will find the report useful in the further study of effective means to evaluate and research board repair prestressed concrete bridge members. However, the method has not ever been attempted because of its lack of certainty for safety, i. Preventive maintenance of steel bridge components consists mainly of. How to repair a damaged carrying beam this old house. Repair of impactdamaged prestressed bridge girders continues to vex engineers.
These newer girders often exhibit unexpected end cracking upon prestress. Sealing cracks on bridge decks with steel girders youtube. Coe road over us27, north of alma mb s01 of 370c, c spr0538 damping bridge vibration during construction widening. Repairing distortioninduced fatigue cracks in steel. The main target in the highway industry is to increase the durability and the lifespan of bridges. Transbay transit center inches toward repair, but no. Steel bridge design handbook december, 2015 engineering for structural stability in bridge construction. In recent years, these cracks have become prevalent with the use of relatively high strength concrete, deep girders, and high prestressing force that are quickly developed near the endregion of girders figure 1. Thus, only the girders need to be compared since the difference between the two designs is mostly due to the difference in the cost of girder materials. This report presents results from a laboratory study and field implementation of acoustic emission monitoring of fatigue cracks in coverplated steel bridge girders. The use of highstrength concrete has gained wide acceptance in the pc industry.
Shear cracking of prestressed girders with high strength. The cause of the crack must be eliminated or mitigated for this to be successful. Repair of damaged steelconcrete composite girders using carbon fiberreinforced polymer sheets journal of composites for construction october 2003 evaluation of prestressed concrete girders strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer sheets. Repair of cracked steel girder using cfrp sheet request pdf. To repair damaged beams, locate a local welder or metal shop and request angle iron, cut and drilled to the length of the beam being repaired. Manual for repair and retrofit of fatigue cracks in steel bridges. Bridges and bridge railings, construction and maintenance.
Also, many respondents believe that these cracks will close to some extent after the beam is installed in a bridge due to the weight of the deck slab and barriers. However, due to the numerous aggressive environmental. The acoustic monitoring successfully detected growing fatigue cracks in the lab when using both source location and a state of stress criteria. Guidelines for evaluation and repair of prestressed concrete bridge members. Bridge impact data nebraska 800 overhead bridges 10 impacts in past year united states 91,000 overhead bridges approx. Research has been conducted investigating a novel method for retrofitting the corroded ends of steel bridge girders using ultrahigh performance concrete uhpc encasings. It has been put together to provide simple guidance for some common repairs required on nys owned steel structures. Minor damage to the girders can consist of cracking or shallow spalls, whereas serious damage can extend to concrete, reinforcing steel and prestressing steel.
Maintenance steel repairs new york state department of. Prevention and repair of endregion cracks in prestressed. Prestressed concrete pc is the predominant material in highway bridge construction. Very efficient new pretensioned concrete highway bridge girders have taken advantage of high strength concrete and unique shapes to allow the application of much higher levels of prestress. Fatigue and fracture performance explores limits, based on fatigue and fracture performance, on the number of damage and repair cycles to which damaged steel bridge girders may be subjected using the heat. Spr0524 sixth progress report on special painting of steel bridge girders under project. Bridge and maintenance engineers will be able to by staff make immediate use of the findings and guidance included in the report. Repairing distortioninduced fatigue cracks in steel bridge. In this document, repair methods are presented for three prototype prestressed concrete highway bridge girder shapes. Acoustic emission monitoring of fatigue cracks in steel. Guide 5 1 introduction throughout this guide, commentary and reference to the supporting nchrp 2007 task 307 final report referred to as the report are made by section number in square brackets. This report investigates a method of repairing fatigued steel bridge girders using carbon fiber reinforced polymer cfrp strips. Repairing distortioninduced fatigue cracks in steel bridge girders.
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